《老友记》最爱瑞秋的Gunther甘瑟去世！ | 外刊精读解析
提到《老友记》，大家最先想到的一定是瑞秋、莫妮卡、罗斯、钱德勒、乔伊、菲比这六位风格迥异但同样惹人喜爱的主演。但要说剧中最熟悉的陌生人，那就非中央公园咖啡馆柜台前的“甘瑟”莫属了。据统计，《老友记》共236集，其150集中有甘瑟，但直到他在剧中第33次出现时，才有了第一句台词，一个简单的“Yeah”。
美国当地时间10月24日,《老友记》中的甘瑟扮演者詹姆斯·迈克尔·泰勒在洛杉矶的家中去世，享年59岁。让我们通过本文，回顾一下甘瑟在剧中带给我们的欢乐。
学习要点
“冷面滑稽”的英文是什么
pass on, pass away, pass out 区分
cast 用法盘点
write home about 是什么意思？
带着问题去精读
*文章来源：NPR, the Guardian, BBC
*本文中原文及部分例句翻译均采用机翻+人工微调，仅供参考，不当之处欢迎大家在评论区讨论。
1
精读原文
James Michael Tyler, who played Gunther on 'Friends,' dies at 59
《老友记》中甘瑟的扮演者詹姆斯·迈克尔·泰勒去世，享年59岁
James Michael Tyler, most famous for playing Gunther, the manager of Central Perk in the hit sitcom Friends, has died at age 59 of prostate cancer.
詹姆斯·迈克尔·泰勒因前列腺癌去世，享年59岁，他最著名的角色是在情景喜剧《老友记》中扮演中央咖啡馆的经理甘瑟。
📒精读解析：
本段可以学习外刊中讣告的写法，一句话中包含的信息包括姓名、身份、年龄、死因，简洁明了。
2
精读原文
“The world knew him as Gunther, but Michael’s loved ones knew him as an actor, musician, cancer-awareness advocate, and loving husband,” his family said in a statement. “Michael loved live music, cheering on his Clemson Tigers, and would often find himself in fun and unplanned adventures. If you met him once you made a friend for life.”
他的家人在一份声明中说：“全世界都因为他饰演的甘瑟一角而认识他，但在亲朋好友的眼里，迈克尔是一名演员、音乐家、关注癌症的倡导者和慈爱的丈夫。迈克尔喜欢现场音乐，是克莱姆森老虎橄榄球队的忠实粉丝，他还经常会来一场说走就走的欢乐冒险之旅。如果你遇到他，你一定会与他成为一生挚友。”
📒精读解析：
首先分析一下第二句的句子结构，live music 后面的 cheering on 为现在分词作状语，补充其爱好的乐队，would 和loved并列。
从本段我们可以学习一个描述人物特点的出彩表达，即 often find oneself，相比直接叙述 someone is 或 “某人喜欢做某事”具有动态感和更加客观的感觉。如：As a working mom, I often find myself feeling inadequate in all areas of my life. 作为一名职业母亲，我经常发现自己在生活的各个方面都感到不足。
No.1
advocate n. /ˈædvəkət/
【释义】
advocate 作为动词表“拥护、提倡、支持”的用法大家应该比较熟悉，这里想为大家强调advocate 可以直接用作名词表示 a person who supports or speaks in favour of somebody or of a public plan or action 拥护者；支持者；提倡者。
【搭配】
advocate of/for something/somebody
【例句】
He was a strong advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system. 他是自由市场政策以及多党制的坚定倡导者。
拓展：devil’s advocate 表示 a person who expresses a contentious opinion in order to provoke debate or test the strength of the opposing arguments 故意提出会引起意义的见解以激起辩论的人，故意唱反调的人
【例句】
Often the interviewer will need to play devil's advocate in order to get a discussion going. 采访者常常需要故意唱唱反调以使访谈继续下去。
No.2
cheer on
【释义】
为……加油
【例句】
A thousand supporters packed into the stadium to cheer them on. 1000名支持者涌进体育场为他们加油。
3
精读原文
Gunther was a firm fan favourite on Friends because of his deadpan delivery of both lines and coffee – and his unrequited love for Jennifer Aniston’s character Rachel Greene. Tributes have poured in across social media, with some remembering the actor as the “seventh friend” due to his regular presence on the hit show.
甘瑟凭借他说台词和送咖啡时的面无表情，以及他对詹妮弗·安妮斯顿饰演的瑞秋·格林单恋，成为《老友记》铁杆粉丝的最爱。社交媒体上对他的致敬如潮水般涌来，因为他惯常出现在这部热播剧中，一些人将他称为“第七好友”（《老友记》中共有六位主演）。
📒精读解析：
No.1
deadpan a. /ˈdɛdˌpæn/
【释义】
without any expression or emotion; often pretending to be serious when you are joking 面无表情的；不带感情色彩的；假装正经的
【例句】
It's got these wonderful, deadpan kids' voices who are playing the role of 7. 它让这些精彩的假装正经的孩子声音来扮演7的角色。
deadpan humour 指 when you appear to be serious and are hiding the fact that you are joking or teasing someone 冷面幽默，冷面滑稽
脱口秀表演者经常采用冷面滑稽，即表演者引得满屋大笑，他本人却像未经风波的水面，平静如镜，无一丝涟漪。
deadpan 与大家可能更为熟悉的表示面无表情的“poker face扑克脸”有所不同，deadpan 含有幽默意图，而 poker face 单纯指an expression on your face that shows none of your feelings 不露声色。
【例句】
In business a poker face can be very useful. 在生意场上，不露声色会非常有用的。
No.2
unrequited adj. /ˌʌnrɪˈkwaɪtɪd/
【释义】
not returned by the person that you love 没有回报的；单方面的；单相思的
【例句】
Their quarrel now is mainly about its final dimensions—and about their own unrequited demand for statehood alongside it. 他们现在的争吵主要是关于最后的维度——以及他们自己单方面要求与之并立为国家的要求。
反义词为 requited，表示“得到回报的（友爱、善意等）”，其动词形式为 requite。
No.3
tribute n. /ˈtrɪbjuːt/
【释义】
an act, a statement or a gift that is intended to show your respect or admiration, especially for a dead person 致敬，颂词；吊唁礼物，尤指对死者的
【搭配】
pay tribute to 致敬
【例句】
This book is a fitting tribute to the bravery of the pioneers. 本书是对先驱们大无畏精神恰如其分的献礼。
tribute 还可以表示 showing the good effects or influence of something/somebody 有成效的结果
【例句】
His success has been a tribute to hard work, to professionalism. 他的成功是辛勤工作和兢兢业业的结果。
No.4
pour in【释义】
to arrive in great numbers all at once or in a continuous stream 大量涌入，蜂拥而来
【例句】
Letters of complaint continue to pour in. 投诉信纷至沓来。
4
精读原文
The official Friends Twitter page passed on a message from Warner Bros. Television Studios, writing: “Warner Bros. Television mourns the loss of James Michael Tyler, a beloved actor and integral part of our FRIENDS family. Our thoughts are with his family, friends, colleagues and fans.”
《老友记》的官方推特发布了来自华纳兄弟电视工作室的消息:“华纳兄弟电视公司哀悼詹姆斯·迈克尔·泰勒，他是我们深爱的演员，也是《老友记》大家庭不可或缺的一部分。我们与他的家人、朋友、同事和粉丝同在。”
📒精读解析：
No.1
pass on
【释义】
to give something to someone so that they have it instead of you 传给，传递
另外，pass on 还有“去世”的意思，和 pass away 意思相同。
为了让大家更好的记忆这几个短语，这里引用一个Norah讲的脱口秀段子。
Norah’s friend: Hi, Norah. You and Alicia were in the club the other day. Are you girls all right?
Norah：Yeah… Yeah, I am fine. We are fine… you know. Alicia had three more shots. So she passed away on my couch. But we had fun.
Norah’s friend: She…what?
Norah: That’s what people do in US. You take shots, you pass away.
Norah’s friend: Norah, em…You either call the police or you learn more English.
从段子中可以看出，Norah想表达的是pass out，表示faint or collapse 昏倒
【例句】
He felt sick and dizzy and then passed out. 他感觉恶心，眩晕，接着就昏倒了。
No.2
mourn v. /mɔːn/
【释义】
既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。to feel and show sadness because someone has died; to feel sad because something no longer exists or is no longer the same 因失去…而哀悼，忧伤
【例句】
He was still mourning his brother's death. 他仍然在为哥哥的去世而悲伤。
She mourned for her lost childhood. 她为失去的童年而伤感。
5
精读原文
Tyler was initially cast while working as a barista at the Bourgeois Pig coffee shop in Los Angeles. However, he didn’t have a single line of dialogue on the show until he had made 33 appearances. Of 236 episodes, Tyler appeared in 150. To remember the actor and the part he played, here are some of Gunther's best moments:
泰勒最初选角时是在洛杉矶的Bourgeois Pig咖啡店当咖啡师。然而，直到他在剧中第33次出现时，才有了第一句台词。在236个剧集中，泰勒出现了150集。为了纪念这位演员和他所扮演的角色，以下是甘瑟的一些最佳时刻:
📒精读解析：
No.1
cast
不知大家有没有注意到近年来互联网上纷纷开始用“卡司”来表示“演员阵容”，“卡司”就是 cast 的中文音译。
【释义】
cast 作名词表示 all the people who act in a play or film/movie （一出戏剧或一部电影的）全体演员
作动词表示to choose actors to play the different parts in a film/movie, play, etc.; to choose an actor to play a particular role 分配角色；选派角色
【例句】
The whole cast performs/perform brilliantly. 全体演员都表现出色。
cast 这个小词的含义却非常丰富，除了我们熟悉的“投、掷”含义外，可以搭配广泛的名词，非常值得学习。
1）to look, smile, etc. in a particular direction向…投以视线、笑容等
【例句】
She cast a welcoming smile in his direction. 她向他微笑以示欢迎。
2）to make light, a shadow, etc. appear in a particular place 投射光、影子等，也可以表达比喻义。
【例句】
The sad news cast a shadow over the proceedings. 这个坏消息给事件的进程蒙上了一层阴影。
3）to say, do or suggest something that makes people doubt something or think that somebody is less honest, good, etc. 使人怀疑；造谣中伤
【例句】
This latest evidence casts serious doubt on his version of events. 最新的证据使人们十分怀疑他对事件的说法。
4）to describe or present somebody in a particular way 把某人描写成；把某人表现为
【例句】
He cast himself as the innocent victim of a hate campaign. 他把自己说成是一场诋毁声誉行为的无辜受害者。
No.2
barista n. /bəˈriːstə/
【释义】
a person who makes and serves coffee in a coffee bar 咖啡师
我们在国内通常把从事餐饮行业的服务人员统称“服务员”，但在英语中并不全部对应“waiter/waitress”，除了这里介绍的 barista 咖啡师，酒吧的“调酒师”为 bartender。
《摩登家庭 第八季 Modern Family Season 8 第6集》
6
精读原文
1. His debut on Friends
他在《老友记》中的首次亮相
Admittedly, Gunther's first appearance in the comedy series wasn't much to write home about. He was seen working in Central Perk in the second episode of the first season, The One With The Sonogram.
诚然，甘瑟在这部喜剧中的首次亮相并没有太多值得称道的地方。在第一季的第二集，也就是《超声检查》的那一集，他在中央咖啡馆工作时亮相。
In his first speaking scene, Ross offered him the slinky he had initially bought for Rachel. "Hey Gunther, you got stairs in your place?" Ross asked. "Yeah," Gunther replied. "Go nuts," said Ross, handing him the springy toy.
在他的第一个有台词的场景中，罗斯把他最初买给瑞秋的弹簧玩具给了他。罗斯问：“甘瑟，你家有楼梯吗？”甘瑟回答：“是的。”“疯玩去吧。”罗斯说着把那个弹簧玩具递给他。
📒精读解析：
No.1
admittedly adv. /ədˈmɪtɪdli/
【释义】
一般用于句首，used when you are saying something that weakens the importance or force of your statement诚然，无可否认
写作时使用这个副词代替 although 或者 it cannot be denied that 等表示让步的词或短语，一定会使文章出彩。
【例句】
Not on the scale seen in 2006, admittedly, but enough to take advantage of rising markets. 诚然，这还没有达到2006年的规模，但足以利用市场上涨的优势。
No.2
write home about
【释义】
to boast of, to get excited about 值得大书特书，值得称道。记忆方法：对某事感到很激动，好像它好到值得专门给家里写一封信来讲述此事 write home about
【例句】
I see growth slightly up, but nothing to write home about. 我看到稍有增长，但也没什么令人激动的。
No.3
slinky a. /ˈslɪŋki/
此处 slinky 指一种弹簧玩具，见下图：
《老友记 第二季 Friends Season 2 第9集》
slinky作形容词表示 (woman's clothes) fitting closely to the body in a sexually attractive way服装紧身性感的，或者 (movement or sound) smooth and slow, often in a way that is sexually attractive 动作或声音袅娜柔美的
【例句】
She's wearing a slinky black mini-skirt. 她身穿一条紧身的黑色迷你裙。
No.4
springy a. /ˈsprɪŋi/
【释义】
注意 g 不发音。其本意表示returning quickly to the original shape after being pushed, pulled, stretched, etc. 有弹性的，有弹力的
其引申义可以表示 full of energy and confidence 矫健的；有活力的
【例句】
She's 73, but hasn't lost that youthful, springy step. 她73岁了，但走起路来依旧矫健轻捷。
7
精读原文
2. His never-changing hairstyle
永远不变的发型
Gunther's white-blonde hair was his trademark - but it was never intended to be that colour. One of Tyler's friends tried to dye it the night before his audition, and it didn't turn out as planned.
甘瑟的白金色头发是他的标志，但他的头发从来就不是那种颜色。试镜前一晚泰勒的一个朋友尝试给他染发，结果呈现的不是预期的颜色。
But it clearly didn't do the actor any harm. In fact, his eye-catching head of hair probably played a large part in helping the actor catch the attention of viewers in the early years when he was essentially an extra.
但显然这对演员没有任何害处。事实上，他那引人注目的头发可能在他早年基本上是一个临时演员的时候，对吸引观众的注意起了很大作用。
Unfortunately for him, the producers loved it too, which meant Tyler had to continue bleaching his hair every week for 10 years.
不幸的是，制片人也很喜欢这个颜色，这意味着泰勒不得不连续10年每周都要漂白头发。
📒精读解析：
No.1
extra
【释义】
extra 在此处表示“临时演员，群众演员”，也可以用 background actor 来表达。
NPR 在对Tyler 的报道中说：
Tyler was first cast on the hit show as a background actor but went on to become the recurring character with the most appearances: Gunther. 泰勒最初在这部热播剧中扮演的是背景演员，但后来成为了出场次数最多的复现角色：甘瑟。
No.2
bleach v. /bliːtʃ/
【释义】
to make something white or pale by a chemical process or by the effect of light from the sun; to become white or pale in this way （使）变白，漂白，晒白，退色
【例句】
The tree's roots are stripped and hung to season and bleach. 这些树根被剥去皮并挂起来风干晒白。（例句中的 season 为熟词僻义，表示“使木材风干”）
8
精读原文
3. Saying goodbye to Rachel
对瑞秋说再见
As Friends inched towards its end, Gunther finally plucked up the courage to confess his feelings for Rachel before she was due to leave for Paris.
在《老友记》接近尾声的时候，甘瑟终于鼓起勇气在瑞秋去巴黎之前向她表白了自己对她的感情。
Gunther told her: "I know you're leaving tonight, but I just have to tell you. I love you. I... I don't know if that changes your plans at all? But I thought you should know."
甘瑟告诉她:“我知道你今晚就要走了，但我必须告诉你。我爱你。我…我不知道这是否会改变你的计划?但我认为你应该知道。”
Becoming emotional, Rachel replied: "Gunther. Oh, I love you too. Probably not in the same way, but I do. And when I'm in a café, having coffee, or I see a man with hair brighter than the sun, I'll think of you."
瑞秋感性地回答道:“甘瑟。哦，我也爱你，但可能不是同样的方式，但我确实爱你。今后当我在咖啡馆喝咖啡时，或者看到一个头发比太阳还亮的男人时，我会想起你。”
As we all will.
我们都会的。
No.1
inch v. /ɪntʃ/
【释义】
我们都知道 inch 作为长度单位表示“英寸”，这里只学习其动词用法。
表示 to move or make something move slowly and carefully in a particular direction 使朝某方向谨慎移动
【例句】
He inched his way through the narrow passage. 他一点一点地穿过狭窄的通道。
No.2
pluck up courage to do something
【释义】
表示to make yourself do something even though you are afraid to do it 鼓起勇气（做某事）
【例句】
It took me about two hours to pluck up the courage to call. 大约两小时后我才鼓起勇气打了电话。
pluck v. /plʌk/
可以用于表示“采摘（水果）”、“拔（毛发）”、抢夺
另外，表示to remove somebody from a place or situation, especially one that is unpleasant or dangerous 解救；搭救
【例句】
He plucked the wallet from the man's grasp. 他抢走了那个男人紧抓着的钱包。
Survivors of the wreck were plucked to safety by a helicopter. 沉船的幸存者被直升机营救脱险。
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